These examples may have been created by women, but they are now used by both sexes. The American linguist Mark Liberman states that George W. Bush used “uptalk” all the time and men now use “like” more than women in conversation.

Why are women about half a generation ahead of males as far as vocal trends are concerned? Some linguists suggest that women are more sensitive to social interactions and hence more likely to adopt subtle vocal cues. Others say they use language to assert their power in a culture that, at least in days gone by, asked them to be calm and decorous. Whatever the answer, the idea that women’s vocal fads quickly spread to the general population is well established.

The New York Times has recently published an article about a paper on “vocal fry” written by researchers from Long Island University. “Vocal fry” is a kind of creaky voice now associated with young women and girls, which has a long history with English speakers. Dr. Crystal, the British linguist, cited it as far back as 1964, as a way for British men to denote their superior social standing. In the United States, it has been gaining popularity among women since at least 2003, when Carmen Fought, a professor of linguistics at Pitzer College in Claremont, detected it among the female speakers of a Chicano dialect in California.

A classic example of vocal fry, can be heard in the movie She Done Him Wrong (1933) when Mae West says “Why don’t you come up sometime and see me.”

People are also welcome to drop their suggestions for a name for the new beer, which is being brewed with the help of Pene Coles from the Sandstone Brewery, who sits on the centre’s board of directors.

This pub features regular live music by Welsh-language bands and local bands with poetry, film and theatre, and serves as a focus for hundreds of Welsh learners in the area.

Although the aim is to promote the use of Welsh, the centre is open to all members of the public, and as well as food, drink and entertainment, the centre hopes to offer meeting rooms, community facilities and office space. Phase two of the project, the upstairs renovation of the listed building, is expected to be completed by June.

If you are interested in the Welsh language, you can also read Can Wales Really Trust Google Translate?

The shallow survey will use a panoramic camera to generate images of the reef, at 20 sites across the entire length of the 2,300km Great Barrier Reef. The University of Queensland will participate in the project using an image recognition software to conduct a visual census of corals, fish and other organisms. The deep water survey will use robots to study the health, composition and biodiversity in the deep-water reefs. Finally, a team led by Richard Fitzpatrick, a cinematographer and shark researcher, will track 50 animals with satellite tags that continuously monitor their geographic position, temperature and depth. The aim is studying the migratory behaviour of tiger sharks, green turtles and manta rays in response to increasing seawater temperatures.

If you are interested in Google Street View, you can also read Google Maps Goes Indoors.